Charles



C. C. HANSEN.

LSQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICA'HON FILED APH.2. 1920.

1,377,479. K Patented May 10, 1921.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES C. HANSEN, or EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSrGNoRrovINGERSoLL-RAND COMPANY, or JERSEYCITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION oENEW JERSEY.'

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

tainA new and useful Improvement in Liquid- Fuel Burners, ofv which the Vfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid fuel burnc 4ers and particularly to burners of this type used in connection with internal combustion furnaces uslng hydrocarbon fuel 1n which compressed air 1s employed to atomize the liquid. 15

The object of the invention is to simplify the construction of burners of this character and to obtain more perfect regulation of the relativeV flow of air and fuel to produce a combustible mixture of the highest efficiency and economy, the fuel and air regulating means eachv being independently op-` erable, the flow ofeither being regulable within its minimum and maximum limitsat .each Stage-of adjustment of the other. v

This object, as well as others which will appear, are accomplished by vthe invention, a practical embodiment of which is, de-

scribed in the following speciicationand illustrated on the accompanying drawings,

forming a part hereof, in whichs Figure l, shows a longitudinal central section through the burner; Y

Fig. 2a section on the line 2 2 of Fig.

1,V and Fig. 3, is a detail vSectional view broken.

' away with the nozzle in forwardposition. v L

Inthe drawings, A represents thel hollow burner casing and B the compressed air supply pipe leading thereto. fuel conveying pipe C extends through the caslng, being secured at one end thereof by means of a bushing D secured inthe casing, within whichv bushing D a feedk nut E is freely rotatable by'meansof a hand wheel Fat its -outer end. The feed nuty E is internally Y threaded as'shown at f and surrounds the fuel conveying pipe C, the surface of this pipe being correspondingly threaded for a portion of its length. `A securing nut Cr screwedV on the inner end of the feed nut E bearing against the inner end of the bushing D Secures the feed mit E in place 1n a r0- Specication of Letters Patent. Patgnted K Application mea Apri; 2, 1920.` serial No.. 370,748. y

tatable condition. Rotation of the/feed nut E by means yof the hand' wheel yF will impart a longitudinal movement to the ,fuelk conveying pipe C.

A valve casing H is` interposed between the lfuel conveying pipe C andV the fuel l supply ymain J and a'needle' valve 1K, mounted in this casin'gyprojects through the conveying pipe C, being manually operated by meansifof the hand wheel .-L-to regulate kthe volume of liquidV fuel passing "through ythe rconveying pipe` C kin the manner which will `be laterset forth., One end of the` valve casing conveniently secured 'to1 the conveyingpipe C by any suitablel means as a double threaded hollow nut C. A bushing P secured in the opposite endy of the casing His internally threaded to it threadedypor- May 1o, ,1921.1 a

tion Q of the .needley valve `K, the fneedle' i valve being thereby movablejlongitudinally vin the pipe C. vA stufiingpbox R' is formed f ,y v the needle valve K lsecuredjbya; gland' maintains a f fluid tight connectionaround the needle valveK. i

in kthe bushing` P and Ipacking ,S around k At" they otherend ofthe casing Av a cylindrical open ended cap U is'threaded,.this

ycap being providedwith a discharge open-k Ving V at its outer end. The outer walls of the cap U preferably converge slightly towardy the ydischarge end and comminglingl chamber W is formed within the same, the

purpose of which` will be presently de- ,A

scribed.

A nozzle member yXis suitably fastened on the end of the conveyinglpipeC within the cap U by means of screw threads. The

nozzle member Xis provided with a 4plurality of radialribs Y which engage the inner wall of the 'cap U and, as will be seen, it is thus arranged to slide within the cap as the conveying pipe C ismoved longitudinally. -A central' conicalforifice Z is provided at the forwardlendfof the nozzle X through which' the f liquidffuel supplied from the conveyingV pipe C exudes.` The end of the needle valve K' projects into a veyngg pire Cee@ regulates they passage.

chamber a inthe nozzle X the point of the valveenterinof an axial porty b in the end'of of thefuel through the nozzle X. A lplurality of grooves CZ of which there may be as many as desired in the surface of the needle valve'K permit the passage of the fuelfrom the pipe C to the small chamber j a at the end thereof.

nozzle X, being divided into al plurality of streams by theseribs. The streams `of air under high velocity due to the contracted area of the opening between the nozzle X and the cap U as shown in the position of the parts in Fig. 3, converge directly at the open discharge end V ofthe casing at the forward end of the commingling chamber and entrain the li uid fuel exuding from the orifice Z, the airand fuel being thoroughly commingled and atomized in the chamber so that substantially complete oxygenation is obtained, and the mixture is discharged through the opening V into the combustion' chamber of thel furnace (not shown) where complete combustion takes place. The burner is economical in the consumption of fuel and air and a high degree of efficiency is therefore obtained.

The proportionate amount of air admitted to the Commingling chamber is controlled by longitudinal movement of the nozzle X effected by manipulation of the hand wheel F, the longitudinal movement ofthe nozzle altering the distance-between the nozzle 'X and the end of the cap U at the discharge opening V. The proportionate amount of fuel admitted past the nozzle X intov the, comm-ingling chamber W is controlled byy adjustment of the needle valve K. The variation in the proportion of air serves to4 maintain a proper quantitative relation between'thefuel and compressed4 air at all times,the quality and degree of atomization and combustibility of the mixture being determined by the movement of the fuel pipe and nozzlewith respect to the cap, and the regulation ofthe iiow of fuel effected by operation of the needle valve. rlhe burner is both a Vhigh and low pressure burner, because a wide range of the` adjustment may be effected suitable for any pressure.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s:

1. A liquidV fuel burner comprising in combination a hollow burner casing having a supply inlet for air under pressure and an open discharge end of smaller diameter than the body portion of said casing, a longitudinally immovable feed nut revolubly secured in the opposite end of said casing, a non-rotatable fuel conveying pipe extending-'through said feed nut into said burner casing and operatively connected to be adj usted longitudinally by the rotation of said feed nut, a removable conieally formed nozzle member connected to the discharge end of said fuel conveying pipe and centrally guided within said burner casing, a commingling chamber atthe forward end of said burner casing formed betweenl the nozzle member and the discharge end. ofthe casing, a lurality ofribs on said nozzle member directly engaging the wall of the burner casing and dividing the air into a plurality of streams, said streams converging directly at said open discharge end of the casing at the forward end of said com- Ymingling chamber, a needle valve extending through said fuel pipe to the said nozzle member and guided centrally therein and manual means independent of said feed nutfor adjusting said needle valve longitudinally in said fuel pipe and nozzle, said nozzle when in its extreme forward position materially reducing the volume of said commingling chamber.

2. A'liquid fuel burner comprising in combination a hollow burner casing having a supply inlet for Huid under pressure and an open outer discharge end of smallerV diameter than the bodyportion of said casing, the walls of the casing converging to ward said open end, a bushing removably secured within the opposite end of the burner casing, a rotatable longitudinally immovable feednut `revolubly secured within said bushing, a non-rotatable fuel' conveying pipe extending through said feed nut into said burnerV casing and operatively connected to be adjusted longitudinally by the rotation of said feed nut, a removable coniformed nozzle member screw threaded call to the discharge end of said fuel-conveying pipe and centrally guided within said burner casi-ng, a commingling chamber at the forward endA of said burner easing, formed between the nozzle member and the discharge end of the casing, a plural-ity of radial ribs on said nozzle member-directly engaging the wall of the; burner casing and dividing the iuid into a plurali-ty of streams, said streams converging directly at said open discharge end of the casingI a-t the forward end of said commingling chamber, a needle valve extending through said fuel pipe to the said nozzle member and guided centrally therein, said needle valve having a plurality of. diametrically opposite longitudinal grooves at the end projecting into the nozzle, and' manually operated means i11- dependent of said feed nut for adjustin said needle valve longitudinally in said fue pipe and nozzle, said nozzle in its movement being adapted to vary the volume of said commlngling chamber whereby the proportions of the combustible mixture are de-v termined by the volume of the commingling .the burner casing. 10

n In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. i

CHARLES o. HANSEN; 

